"A Consciência da Revolução Síria": Criatividade na Busca pela Liberdade nas Faixas de Kafranbel (2011-2018)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17231/volesp(2025).5474Palavras-chave:
Kafranbel, Síria, liberdade de expressão, narrativa cidadã, mídiaResumo
Este artigo examina a narrativa revolucionária e o processo de comunicação de Kafranbel, uma cidade no norte da Síria amplamente reconhecida como “a consciência da revolução síria”. Célebre pelas suas emblemáticas faixas e cartazes, a produção da cidade decorreu entre 2011 e 2018, abrangendo imagens de pessoas a segurar faixas e cartazes com mensagens escritas, desenhos e caricaturas. Estas faixas e cartazes eram regularmente partilhados nas redes sociais, refletindo um processo criativo dinâmico e em constante evolução. Este estudo recorre a uma metodologia de investigação descritiva e qualitativa para analisar um conjunto de imagens (n = 214) compiladas e organizadas cronologicamente. Além disso, integra na análise as perceções de nove entrevistas semiestruturadas conduzidas em espanhol, inglês e árabe. Estas entrevistas, realizadas junto de residentes, testemunhas e especialistas que acompanharam de perto a revolta, proporcionam uma visão abrangente dos esforços de comunicação de Kafranbel.
As conclusões destacam a forma como as faixas e cartazes de Kafranbel surgiram e se consolidaram como resposta à repressão do regime sírio e à crescente ameaça representada por grupos extremistas, incluindo o Estado Islâmico do Iraque e da Síria (Daesh). A narrativa da cidade recorreu a elementos persuasivos e centrados no ser humano, como a representação de crianças e referências a lutas e ícones globais, para envolver tanto o público local como internacional. A análise das faixas e cartazes revela uma mudança no tom e nas escolhas linguísticas à medida que o conflito se intensificava e a cidade se via cada vez mais desesperada por auxílio. A ausência de faixas e cartazes durante períodos de bombardeamento intenso evidencia as duras realidades enfrentadas pelos residentes, culminando no silêncio da cidade após a sua recaptura pelo regime sírio e o assassinato do jornalista Raed Fares por homens armados afiliados ao Daesh. Este estudo preenche uma lacuna significativa na investigação existente, oferecendo uma análise detalhada da estratégia de comunicação singular de Kafranbel no contexto mais amplo da revolta síria.
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Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
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