Revisão Crítica: Uma Abordagem aos Estudos Sobre o Uso dos Media Sociais Durante a Pandemia Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.40(2021).3174Palavras-chave:
utilização de media sociais, comunicação de risco em saúde, covid-19Resumo
Desde que a doença coronavírus (covid-19) foi declarada como uma emergência de saúde pública de interesse internacional pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em janeiro de 2020, levou à perda de milhões de vidas humanas e à recessão económica global. Cada vez mais, é reconhecida a necessidade de uma comunicação em saúde eficaz através dos media online, que possa fornecer informações credíveis e promover mudanças de comportamento relevantes. Assim, este estudo faz uma revisão sistemática da literatura, para compreender quais os conflitos de posição que existem e que lacunas de conhecimento permanecem em termos de uso dos media sociais durante a primeira vaga de covid-19, bem como indicar estratégias de comunicação relevantes. Esta pesquisa recolheu 76 artigos relevantes através de pesquisas na Web of Science e no Google Scholar. A análise revelou que grande parte da literatura veio confirmar o efeito positivo dos media sociais online na propagação de informações e promoção de precauções durante o controlo do covid-19. A propagação de rumores e a intervenção do governo nos media sociais têm aumentado as preocupações dos utilizadores. Atualmente, o debate continua sobre a associação entre a exposição aos media sociais e a saúde mental pública. Outra questão muito debatida é se os rumores são partilhados de forma mais ampla do que as informações verificadas e credíveis. Até agora, muito pouca atenção tem sido dada, nos media sociais, às disparidades e lacunas de informação e também aos grupos vulneráveis.
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