A Decolonial Perspective on Online Media Discourses in the Context of Violence Against People With Disabilities in South Africa

Lorenzo Dalvit

doi:10.17231/comsoc.41(2022).3722

Autores

Lorenzo Dalvit School of Journalism and Media Studies, Rhodes University, Makhanda, África do Sul https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0011-9813

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.41(2022).3722

Palavras-chave:

deficiência, discursos online, violência, decolonial, África do Sul

Resumo

Como uma das sociedades mais violentas e desiguais do mundo, a África do Sul ainda é profundamente moldada por um legado de segregação e opressão. Embora raça, género e status socioeconómico recebam muita atenção, a deficiência é uma dimensão importante, mas muitas vezes negligenciada, da desigualdade. Neste artigo, adoto uma perspetiva decolonial ao discutir artigos dos média online sobre violência contra pessoas com deficiência. Ao concentrar-me em histórias relacionadas com questões que receberam ampla cobertura dos média (por exemplo, saúde mental, brutalidade policial e violência baseada em género), problematizo o discurso eurocêntrico de direitos humanos que informa discussões públicas e académicas. Também exploro a ligação entre os atuais entendimentos da deficiência e o legado de um violento passado colonial e do apartheid. Como resultado da natureza interseccional da deficiência, muitas das histórias envolvem múltiplas camadas de desigualdade e diferentes formas de opressão. Um foco explícito em formas extremas de violência institucional e física, enquanto restringe o escopo de investigação, traz a brutalidade da modernidade ocidental e os seus efeitos sobre as pessoas afetadas. O recurso jurídico parece levar, na melhor das hipóteses, a uma reparação incompleta, enquanto as suas falhas perpetuam um ciclo de marginalização e opressão. Em vez de problematizar essas falhas estruturais como resultado da modernidade ocidental e do neoliberalismo, os média inadvertidamente ofuscam esses vínculos ao realizar o seu normativo, ou seja, identificando e expondo culpados individuais ou culpando fatores contextuais.

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Biografia Autor

Lorenzo Dalvit, School of Journalism and Media Studies, Rhodes University, Makhanda, África do Sul

Lorenzo Dalvit é professor associado de média digitais e estudos culturais na Universidade Rhodes em Makhanda (África do Sul). As suas atuais áreas de interesse académico incluem desigualdades digitais, discursos online e média móveis de perspetivas críticas e decoloniais. Dalvit é (co)autor de aproximadamente 150 publicações e supervisionou mais de 30 estudantes em várias disciplinas (média e estudos culturais, educação, línguas africanas, ciência da computação, etc.). Ele desenvolveu/coordenou/ministrou 15 cursos em todos os níveis e para diversos grupos de estudantes e apresentou sobre desenvolvimento curricular, inovações de ensino e sinergias entre ensino, pesquisa e envolvimento da comunidade em conferências locais e internacionais. Ele recebeu o prêmio de internacionalização da Universidade Rhodes em 2017 e liderou cinco projetos de mobilidade internacional com Itália, Alemanha, Estados Unidos e Nova Zelândia. Ele é pesquisador da Fundação Nacional de Pesquisa e atraiu financiamento para pesquisa e bolsas da Fundação Nacional de Pesquisa e dos Departamentos Sul-Africanos de Educação Básica e de Comunicação, Conselho Internacional de Pesquisa e Intercâmbios e da Comissão Europeia.

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