Preferências e Práticas dos Pré-Adolescentes no YouTube: Resultados de um Estudo Realizado na Catalunha
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.39(2021).2714Palavras-chave:
YouTube, práticas mediáticas, pré-adolescentes, adolescentes, usos mediáticosResumo
Dados recentes confirmam o papel central que o YouTube desempenha na vida mediática dos jovens ocidentais e, em especial, nas práticas mediáticas dos adolescentes e pré-adolescentes. O presente estudo pretende analisar as práticas mediáticas e os usos preferenciais que os pré-adolescentes dão ao YouTube. Apoiada na teoria dos usos e gratificações, a investigação aplica métodos de análise qualitativos e quantitativos. Através de um questionário subministrado a 1.406 pré-adolescentes (x = 12, 11 anos de idade) oriundos de 41 escolas secundárias e de três grupos-focais levados a cabo em três escolas distintas com seis participantes cada um (três raparigas e três rapazes), o presente estudo mostra que para estes jovens o YouTube é considerado simultaneamente como uma rede social e como um arquivo de material audiovisual. O estudo também revela que os jovens gostam do conteúdo disponível no YouTube e, em particular, dos vídeos de música e de humor (entretenimento) e de tutoriais (auto-aprendizagem). Em geral, os jovens sentem menor apelo pelas funções interativas (por exemplo, partilhas e comentários). O uso que fazem do YouTube revela que o incorporaram às suas vidas quotidianas e que o usam predominantemente para consumir conteúdos mediáticos de uma forma “tradicional” e “não interativa”, semelhante ao uso que se faz tradicionalmente da televisão. Apesar disso, não o consideram uma “nova” televisão. Os pré-adolescentes objeto deste estudo usam o YouTube principalmente como fonte de entretenimento e, secundariamente, como fonte de auto-aprendizagem e de socialização. Estudos futuros terão de ser levados a cabo no sentido de aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as possibilidades que o YouTube e outras redes sociais oferecem aos pré-adolescentes para que estes sejam prosumidores.
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