Participação num ambiente datificado: questões sobre literacia de dados

Miren Gutiérrez

doi:10.17231/comsoc.36(2019).2342

Autores

Miren Gutiérrez Departamento de Estudos de Comunicação, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade de Deusto, Espanha https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3434

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.36(2019).2342

Palavras-chave:

ativismo, ativismo de dados, datificação, participação, pessoas comuns, tecnopolítica

Resumo

No contexto político, entende-se por participação o envolvimento dos cidadãos na tomada de decisões, incluindo mecanismos para que as pessoas intervenham nas escolhas políticas e sociais, entre outras áreas de ação. Esses mecanismos são cruciais, pois a democracia depende da participação cívica na vida política. No entanto, na era do big data, a participação não é possível sem o acesso e controle de dados por parte das pessoas; isto é, os direitos civis tornam-se direitos digitais. Este artigo trata da literacia de dados como um filtro para a participação e do papel das pessoas comuns no ambiente e nos processos de datificação.
Como a participação num mundo datificado depende da capacidade das pessoas de entrar na contenda, questões sobre onde se estabelecem as linhas de separação entre especialistas e não especialistas (ou seja, cidadãos comuns) e se a intervenção na infraestrutura de dados requer um grau de literacia de dados para participação efetiva constituem uma discussão relevante para a prática e teoria do ativismo como uma forma de envolvimento político ou cívico. O envolvimento político é entendido aqui como uma ação coordenada voltada para a resolução de problemas, campanhas e assistência aos cidadãos. Ou seja, para resgatar a participação política num domínio de dados, é necessário um certo grau de capacitação. Partindo de uma taxonomia do envolvimento em data mining (Kennedy, 2016) e casos empíricos de mapeamento de crises (Gutierrez, 2018a, 2018b), este artigo teórico propõe conceptualizações para pensar sobre as implicações da participação na contemporaneidade.

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